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HTML Layout - Using CSS Float


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HTML Layout - CSS Float

The CSS float property was originally made for letting text wrap around an image. For many years, web developers also used it to place boxes side by side and build whole webpage layouts.

The following example shows how you can layout a webpage using CSS float:

Example

Cities

London

London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom.

Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.

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CSS Float Layout - Pros and Cons

Pros:

  • Works everywhere. Every browser supports it, even very old ones
  • Easy to start with. A floated box with a width is easy to understand
  • Great for wrapping text. It is still the best tool for letting text flow around an image
  • Lots of examples. Older websites use it, so it helps to know it when you work with older code

Cons:

  • Not built for layouts. Using float for page structure is a workaround, so it often feels fiddly
  • You must clear floats. Elements after a float can slide up beside it unless you add clear: both or a "clearfix"
  • Parent boxes can collapse. A container with only floated children may get a height of zero, so its background or border disappears
  • No equal-height columns. Columns are only as tall as their own content, so a short sidebar ends early
  • Hard to center things vertically. Float has no built-in way to do it
  • Widths break easily. Padding, borders, or margins can push the total width above 100%, so a column drops to the next line
  • Harder to make responsive. Changing the layout for small screens takes more code than with Flexbox or Grid

Should you use it?

For page layouts today, Flexbox and Grid are simpler and more powerful. Use float mainly to wrap text around images, and learn the float layout so you can understand and maintain older websites.

Learn more about float in our CSS Float chapter.


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